Only a few non-European countries are Pacesetters and none of them is from Africa, North or South. Countries
from this continent, together with most countries from Asia and Eastern Europe, do not provide adequate income security, and are either in the
Much-to-be-Done or the Conventional clusters. Latin American countries are mainly Conventionals.
Comparing individual country scores on income security shows that the 14 most secure, the Pacesetters, are western
European countries headed by Norway. Next are non-European OECD countries, such as Japan, Canada, Australia and New Zealand, and the more economically
advanced eastern European countries, such as the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Latvia and Poland.
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Latin American, Caribbean and North African countries
constitute the bulk of those providing 'middle range' income security.
As Conventionals they have some formal policies and institutions that
should promote income security but have economic realities that make the outcomes less than satisfactory.
The least secure countries are concentrated in South and East Asia, including the highly populated countries of China, India, Indonesia and Bangladesh,
in Central Asia and the Caucasus, and in sub-Saharan Africa. Mauritius and South Africa are the exceptions, achieving relatively high levels
of income security compared to their neighbours. |