Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115) - Belize (Ratification: 1983)

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2023, published 112nd ILC session (2024)

Previous comment

Articles 3(1) and (2), 6 and 8 of the Convention. Effective protection of workers against ionizing radiation.Data collection. Determination and review of maximum permissible doses. The Committee notes the Government’s indication in its report that no regulation has been adopted concerning protection measures pursuant to section 94 of the Labour Act. Nevertheless, the Government indicates that a strategic plan for the implementation of the Radiation Safety and Security Act is being developed by the Department of Environment (DOE), with a primary focus on the establishment of the “Office of Radiation of Safety and Security” and the development of regulations related to facilities, setting standards for occupational safety, import and export. The Committee requests the Government to take the necessary measures to ensure effective protection of workers, as it relates to their health and safety, against ionizing radiations, and to ensure that data essential for effective protection are made available in accordance with Article 3(1) and (2) of the Convention. The Committee also requests the Government to adopt the necessary measures in order to ensure that the maximum permissible doses or amounts are determined without delay. It also once again requests the Government to provide information on any mechanism ensuring the review of such dose limits.

Article 9. Warning of the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations and instructions for workers directly engaged in radiation work. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government that section 42(2)(b) of the Radiation Safety and Security Act requires the licensee to take measures to provide for the safety of workers. The Act further provides that the Office of Radiation Safety and Security shall prescribe the required qualification and training for users of ionizing radiation in medical practices (section 45(a)). The Government also indicates that the application for a license (to use radiation sources for industrial, research and medical purposes) requires the submission of a radiation safety programme. This programme outlines responsibilities for workers’ safety and includes a consent form for users to acknowledging the associated risks. However, the Committee also notes that the Act does not provide for the need of appropriate warnings to indicate the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations, as well as the need to provide adequate instructions to all workers directly engaged in radiation before and during such employment, and it observes an absence of information on what information or training is mandatory prior to the submission of a consent form. The Committee requests the Government to adopt the necessary measures to ensure that (i) appropriate warnings are used to indicate the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations; and (ii) adequate instructions are provided to all workers directly engaged in radiation work before and during such employment.

Article 12. Medical examination. The Committee notes the Government’s information that there has been no change with respect to matters covered by Article 12 since its previous report. Therefore,the Committee once again requests the Government to take the necessary measures in order to ensure medical examinations prescribed and provided in practice to workers directly engaged in radiation work, including examinations prior to or shortly after taking up such work, and their subsequent examinations at appropriate intervals.

Article 13. Measures in case of irradiation or radioactive contamination. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that section 48 of Part VII of the Radiation Safety and Security Act requires establishments that apply for a license under section 42 to have and implement an emergency response plan as a condition for the granting of a license. However, the Committee also notes that the mentioned Act does not establish specific protection to workers directly engaged in radiation work. The Committee once again requests the Government to adopt the necessary measures for the protection of workers in case of exposure to ionizing radiations, as required by the Convention, including appropriate medical examination of affected workers, examination of the conditions in which workers’ duties are performed and any necessary remedial action.

Article 14. Employment involving exposure to ionizing radiation contrary to medical advice. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government that the only occupation in the country that exposes workers to ionizing radiation is the one of X-ray technician. In this respect, the Committee wishes to draw the Government’s attention in particular to paragraph 40 of the 2015 general observation on this Convention, which indicates that every effort should be made to provide the workers concerned (those whose continued employment in a particular job is inadvisable for health reasons) with suitable alternative employment, where continued assignment to work involving exposure is found to be medically inadvisable. The Committee requests the Government to adopt the necessary measures to ensure that workers are not employed or engaged in work liable to expose them to ionizing radiations contrary to qualified medical advice, including measures for the provision of alternative employment.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2022, published 111st ILC session (2023)

The Committee notes that the Government’s reports have not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments.

Repetition

The Committee notes with deep concern that the Government’s reports, due since 2015, have not been received. In light of its urgent appeal launched to the Government in 2020, the Committee proceeds with the examination of the application of the Conventions on the basis of the information at its disposal.

In order to provide a comprehensive view of the issues relating to the application of ratified Conventions on occupational safety and health (OSH), the Committee considers it appropriate to examine Conventions Nos 115 (radiation protection) and 155 (OSH) together.

A. General provisions

Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155)

Articles 4, 7 and 8 of the Convention. Formulation and review of the national OSH policy. Legislation. The Committee previously noted the Government’s reiterated reference to an OSH Bill developed in 2003. The Committee observes that a draft OSH Bill was introduced in 2014, but has not been adopted. In its previous comments, the Committee also noted that the National OSH Policy was approved in 2004, which set up both general and specific objectives, including the principle of prevention and the promotion and maintenance of OSH standards at all workplaces. However, the Committee notes that the 2004 Policy has not been reviewed or updated.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the status of the OSH Bill, and on any new legislation adopted which relates to the application of the Convention. The Committee also requests the Government to indicate the measures taken for the review and update of the 2004 National OSH Policy, including any consultation held with social partners. Furthermore, the Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged to review the situation of OSH and the working environment in the country, either overall or in respect of particular areas, with a view to identifying major problems and effective methods for dealing with them.

Article 5. Main spheres of action affecting OSH and the work environment. The Committee notes that the 2004 National OSH Policy provides for training and education in the field of OSH and defines the role and responsibilities of different stakeholders in this regard, putting emphasis on communication and cooperation (in accordance with Article 5(c) and (d)). The Committee notes, however, that the 2004 National OSH Policy does not address other elements required by Article 5 of the Convention, including the design, testing, choice, substitution, installation, arrangement, use and maintenance of the material elements of work (Article 5(a)) and the relationships between the material elements of work and the persons who carry out or supervise the work (Article 5(b)).The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged to give effect to Article 5(a) and (b) of the Convention.

Article 11(c) and (e). Notification of occupational accidents and diseases. Production and publication of annual statistics. The Committee notes that the Social Security Board publishes annual statistical reports, including information on occupational injuries due to accidents. The Social Security’s Statistical Report of 2019 contains information on the number, nature and causes of occupational injuries for 2015–19, and the sectors in which they occurred.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any applicable procedures regarding the notification by employers of occupational accidents and diseases to the competent authority. It also requests the Government to indicate whether statistics on occupational diseases are collected and published, in addition to those on occupational accidents.

Article 11(f). Introduction of systems to examine chemical, physical and biological agents in respect of the risk to the health of workers. The Committee previously noted that, in November 2010, the Government launched the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM), entailing the implementation of a chemicals management system in two phases through a multi-sectoral approach. Phase II of this project was launched in June 2012, aiming at the development of a legal and institutional framework for the management of chemicals, including market surveillance measures.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any developments in chemical management, including legal and institutional initiatives taken in this regard. It also requests the Government to indicate whether there are any similar management frameworks regarding physical and biological agents.

Article 12. Obligations of persons who design, manufacture, import, provide or transfer machinery, equipment or substances for occupational use.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged, in law and in practice, to ensure the responsibilities of those who design, manufacture, import, provide or transfer machinery, equipment or substances for occupational use with regard to the safety and security of concerned persons, as required by Article 12 of the Convention.

Article 17. Collaboration where two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously at one workplace.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure collaboration in applying the requirements of the Convention, whenever two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously at one workplace.

Article 18. Emergencies and first aid. The Committee notes that both the Factory Act (section 12(1)(c)) and the Labour Act (section 155(b)) provide for the development of regulations on the provision of first-aid equipment.The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether there are any laws or regulations adopted (including under the Factory Act or the Labour Act) to provide for measures to be taken in case of emergencies and accidents, including adequate first-aid arrangements.

Article 21. Expenditure on OSH measures.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure that OSH measures do not involve any expenditure for workers.

B. Protection against specific risks

Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115)

Article 3(1) of the Convention. Protection measures. The Committee notes that, according to section 94 of the Labour Act, the Minister of Labour may adopt regulations regarding any operation involving the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, to: (i) prohibit the employment of, or modify or limit the hours of employment of all persons or any class of persons in connection with any such operations; or (ii) prohibit, limit or control the use of any material or process in connection with any such operation, and may impose duties on owners, employers, employed persons and other persons, as well occupiers. In addition, while reiterating its concern at the absence of a government report, the Committee notes with interest the adoption of the Radiation Safety and Security Act in October 2020, following technical assistance from the International Agency for Atomic Energy (IAEA). It notes that the Radiation Safety and Security Act establishes the Office of Radiation Safety and Security within the Ministry responsible for the environment (the Office). Pursuant to section 42 of this Act, this Office shall prescribe requirements for radiation protection to be met before any activity or practice can be licensed, including all steps that shall be taken by the licensee for the protection and safety of workers by keeping doses below the relevant threshold.The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether any regulations have been adopted by the Minister of Labour pursuant to section 94 of the Labour Act. It also requests the Government to provide detailed information on the requirements prescribed for licensees under section 42 of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, regarding the protection of workers against ionizing radiation.

Article 3(2). Data collection. The Committee notes that, according to section 9(1)(l), (m) and (n) of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, the Office shall establish and maintain a national register of radiation sources, persons licenced to carry out activities or practices under the Act, as well as other registers as necessary.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the implementation in practice of these provisions, such as the information required for the purpose of the register and the method of data collection.

Articles 6 and 8. Determination and review of maximum permissible doses. The Committee notes that, according to section 41(2) of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, the Office shall prescribe dose limits for persons that may not be exceeded in conducting activities or practices involving, among others, the production or use of radiation sources. Section 41(3) further provides that any dose limits prescribed shall take into account the recommendations of the IAEA and the International Commission on Radiation Protection. The Committee observes that there do not seem be any dose limits prescribed by the Office following the adoption of the Radiation Safety and Security Act in October 2020.The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken to ensure that the maximum permissible doses or amounts are determined without delay. It also requests the Government to provide information on any mechanism ensuring the review of such dose limits.

Article 9. Warning of the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations and instructions for workers directly engaged in radiation work.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure that: (i) appropriate warnings are used to indicate the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations; and (ii) adequate instructions are provided to all workers directly engaged in radiation work before and during such employment.

Article 12. Medical examination. The Committee notes that, according to the 2004 National OSH Policy, the employer is required to make provisions for pre-employment, pre-placement and periodic medical examinations for the persons they employ, while the Ministry of Health shall work towards the establishment of an occupational health unit, which will, among other functions, provide medical assistance in this regard.The Committee requests the Government to provide further information on the medical examinations prescribed and provided in practice to workers directly engaged in radiation work, including examinations prior to or shortly after taking up such work, and their subsequent examinations at appropriate intervals.

Article 13. Measures in case of irradiation or radioactive contamination. The Committee notes that Part VIII of the Radiation Safety and Security Act provides for emergency preparedness and response. However, the Committee notes that it does not contain any provisions addressing the protection of workers as required by Article 13(a), (c) and (d) of the Convention.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged, in law or in practice, in case of exposure of workers to ionizing radiations with regard to the protection of workers as required by the Convention, including appropriate medical examination of affected workers, examination of the conditions in which workers’ duties are performed and any necessary remedial action.

Article 14. Employment involving exposure to ionizing radiation contrary to medical advice.The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the measures taken to ensure that workers are not employed or engaged in work liable to expose them to ionizing radiations contrary to qualified medical advice, including measures for the provision of alternative employment.

The Committee expects that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2021, published 110th ILC session (2022)

The Committee notes with deep concern that the Government’s reports, due since 2015, have not been received. In light of its urgent appeal launched to the Government in 2020, the Committee proceeds with the examination of the application of the Conventions on the basis of the information at its disposal.

In order to provide a comprehensive view of the issues relating to the application of ratified Conventions on occupational safety and health (OSH), the Committee considers it appropriate to examine Conventions Nos 115 (radiation protection) and 155 (OSH) together.

A. General provisions

Occupational Safety and Health Convention, 1981 (No. 155)

Articles 4, 7 and 8 of the Convention. Formulation and review of the national OSH policy. Legislation. The Committee previously noted the Government’s reiterated reference to an OSH Bill developed in 2003. The Committee observes that a draft OSH Bill was introduced in 2014, but has not been adopted. In its previous comments, the Committee also noted that the National OSH Policy was approved in 2004, which set up both general and specific objectives, including the principle of prevention and the promotion and maintenance of OSH standards at all workplaces. However, the Committee notes that the 2004 Policy has not been reviewed or updated. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the status of the OSH Bill, and on any new legislation adopted which relates to the application of the Convention. The Committee also requests the Government to indicate the measures taken for the review and update of the 2004 National OSH Policy, including any consultation held with social partners. Furthermore, the Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged to review the situation of OSH and the working environment in the country, either overall or in respect of particular areas, with a view to identifying major problems and effective methods for dealing with them.

Article 5. Main spheres of action affecting OSH and the work environment. The Committee notes that the 2004 National OSH Policy provides for training and education in the field of OSH and defines the role and responsibilities of different stakeholders in this regard, putting emphasis on communication and cooperation (in accordance with Article 5(c) and (d)). The Committee notes, however, that the 2004 National OSH Policy does not address other elements required by Article 5 of the Convention, including the design, testing, choice, substitution, installation, arrangement, use and maintenance of the material elements of work (Article 5(a)) and the relationships between the material elements of work and the persons who carry out or supervise the work (Article 5(b)). The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged to give effect to Article 5(a) and (b) of the Convention.

Article 11(c) and (e). Notification of occupational accidents and diseases. Production and publication of annual statistics. The Committee notes that the Social Security Board publishes annual statistical reports, including information on occupational injuries due to accidents. The Social Security’s Statistical Report of 2019 contains information on the number, nature and causes of occupational injuries for 2015–19, and the sectors in which they occurred. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any applicable procedures regarding the notification by employers of occupational accidents and diseases to the competent authority. It also requests the Government to indicate whether statistics on occupational diseases are collected and published, in addition to those on occupational accidents.

Article 11(f). Introduction of systems to examine chemical, physical and biological agents in respect of the risk to the health of workers. The Committee previously noted that, in November 2010, the Government launched the Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management (SAICM), entailing the implementation of a chemicals management system in two phases through a multi-sectoral approach. Phase II of this project was launched in June 2012, aiming at the development of a legal and institutional framework for the management of chemicals, including market surveillance measures. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any developments in chemical management, including legal and institutional initiatives taken in this regard. It also requests the Government to indicate whether there are any similar management frameworks regarding physical and biological agents.

Article 12. Obligations of persons who design, manufacture, import, provide or transfer machinery, equipment or substances for occupational use. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged, in law and in practice, to ensure the responsibilities of those who design, manufacture, import, provide or transfer machinery, equipment or substances for occupational use with regard to the safety and security of concerned persons, as required by Article 12 of the Convention.

Article 17. Collaboration where two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously at one workplace. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure collaboration in applying the requirements of the Convention, whenever two or more undertakings are engaged in activities simultaneously at one workplace.

Article 18. Emergencies and first aid. The Committee notes that both the Factory Act (section 12(1)(c)) and the Labour Act (section 155(b)) provide for the development of regulations on the provision of first-aid equipment. The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether there are any laws or regulations adopted (including under the Factory Act or the Labour Act) to provide for measures to be taken in case of emergencies and accidents, including adequate first-aid arrangements.

Article 21. Expenditure on OSH measures. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure that OSH measures do not involve any expenditure for workers.

B. Protection against specific risks

Radiation Protection Convention, 1960 (No. 115)

Article 3(1) of the Convention. Protection measures. The Committee notes that, according to section 94 of the Labour Act, the Minister of Labour may adopt regulations regarding any operation involving the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, to: (i) prohibit the employment of, or modify or limit the hours of employment of all persons or any class of persons in connection with any such operations; or (ii) prohibit, limit or control the use of any material or process in connection with any such operation, and may impose duties on owners, employers, employed persons and other persons, as well occupiers. In addition, while reiterating its concern at the absence of a government report, the Committee notes with interest the adoption of the Radiation Safety and Security Act in October 2020, following technical assistance from the International Agency for Atomic Energy (IAEA). It notes that the Radiation Safety and Security Act establishes the Office of Radiation Safety and Security within the Ministry responsible for the environment (the Office). Pursuant to section 42 of this Act, this Office shall prescribe requirements for radiation protection to be met before any activity or practice can be licensed, including all steps that shall be taken by the licensee for the protection and safety of workers by keeping doses below the relevant threshold. The Committee requests the Government to indicate whether any regulations have been adopted by the Minister of Labour pursuant to section 94 of the Labour Act. It also requests the Government to provide detailed information on the requirements prescribed for licensees under section 42 of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, regarding the protection of workers against ionizing radiation.

Article 3(2). Data collection. The Committee notes that, according to section 9(1)(l), (m) and (n) of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, the Office shall establish and maintain a national register of radiation sources, persons licenced to carry out activities or practices under the Act, as well as other registers as necessary. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the implementation in practice of these provisions, such as the information required for the purpose of the register and the method of data collection.

Articles 6 and 8. Determination and review of maximum permissible doses. The Committee notes that, according to section 41(2) of the Radiation Safety and Security Act, the Office shall prescribe dose limits for persons that may not be exceeded in conducting activities or practices involving, among others, the production or use of radiation sources. Section 41(3) further provides that any dose limits prescribed shall take into account the recommendations of the IAEA and the International Commission on Radiation Protection. The Committee observes that there do not seem be any dose limits prescribed by the Office following the adoption of the Radiation Safety and Security Act in October 2020. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken to ensure that the maximum permissible doses or amounts are determined without delay. It also requests the Government to provide information on any mechanism ensuring the review of such dose limits.

Article 9. Warning of the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations and instructions for workers directly engaged in radiation work. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken to ensure that: (i) appropriate warnings are used to indicate the presence of hazards from ionizing radiations; and (ii) adequate instructions are provided to all workers directly engaged in radiation work before and during such employment.

Article 12. Medical examination. The Committee notes that, according to the 2004 National OSH Policy, the employer is required to make provisions for pre-employment, pre-placement and periodic medical examinations for the persons they employ, while the Ministry of Health shall work towards the establishment of an occupational health unit, which will, among other functions, provide medical assistance in this regard. The Committee requests the Government to provide further information on the medical examinations prescribed and provided in practice to workers directly engaged in radiation work, including examinations prior to or shortly after taking up such work, and their subsequent examinations at appropriate intervals.

Article 13. Measures in case of irradiation or radioactive contamination. The Committee notes that Part VIII of the Radiation Safety and Security Act provides for emergency preparedness and response. However, the Committee notes that it does not contain any provisions addressing the protection of workers as required by Article 13(a), (c) and (d) of the Convention. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on any measures taken or envisaged, in law or in practice, in case of exposure of workers to ionizing radiations with regard to the protection of workers as required by the Convention, including appropriate medical examination of affected workers, examination of the conditions in which workers’ duties are performed and any necessary remedial action.

Article 14. Employment involving exposure to ionizing radiation contrary to medical advice. The Committee requests the Government to provide information on the measures taken to ensure that workers are not employed or engaged in work liable to expose them to ionizing radiations contrary to qualified medical advice, including measures for the provision of alternative employment.

[The Government is asked to reply in full to the present comments in 2022.]

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2020, published 109th ILC session (2021)

The Committee notes with deep concern that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments. The Committee informs the Government that, if it has not supplied replies to the points raised by 1 September 2021, then it may proceed with the examination of the application of the Convention on the basis of the information at its disposal at its next session.

Repetition

General observation of 2015. The Committee would like to draw the Government’s attention to its general observation of 2015 under this Convention, including the request for information contained in paragraph 30 thereof.

The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. The Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee expects that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2019, published 109th ILC session (2021)

The Committee notes with deep concern that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments. The Committee informs the Government that, if it has not supplied replies to the points raised by 1 September 2020, then it may proceed with the examination of the application of the Convention on the basis of the information at its disposal at its next session.

Repetition

General observation of 2015. The Committee would like to draw the Government’s attention to its general observation of 2015 under this Convention, including the request for information contained in paragraph 30 thereof.

The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. The Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee expects that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2018, published 108th ILC session (2019)

The Committee notes with concern that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments initially made in 2015.

Repetition

General observation of 2015. The Committee would like to draw the Government’s attention to its general observation of 2015 under this Convention, including the request for information contained in paragraph 30 thereof.

The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. The Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee expects that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2016, published 106th ILC session (2017)

The Committee notes with regret that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments.

Repetition

General observation of 2015. The Committee would like to draw the Government’s attention to its general observation of 2015 under this Convention, including the request for information contained in paragraph 30 thereof.

The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. The Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2015, published 105th ILC session (2016)

General observation of 2015. The Committee would like to draw the Government’s attention to its general observation of 2015 under this Convention, including the request for information contained in paragraph 30 thereof.

The Committee notes that the Government’s report has not been received. It is therefore bound to repeat its previous comments.

In its previous comments, the Committee requested the Government to report in detail on the application of the provisions of the Convention and to provide a copy of the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill. The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the NOSH Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. The Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2013, published 103rd ILC session (2014)

In its previous comments, the Committee requested the Government to report in detail on the application of the provisions of the Convention and to provide a copy of the National Occupational Safety and Health (NOSH) Bill. The Committee notes the information in the Government’s current report that the NOSH Bill does take into consideration all the Committee’s observations as it ensures the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work. The Committee also notes from the Government’s report that provisions have been made in the NOSH Bill for maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation, alternative employment (especially for pregnant women) and the prevention of occupational exposure during an emergency. Furthermore, according to available information, the NOSH Bill has not yet been adopted due to concerns that it may be burdensome to employers. The Committee notes that, in spite of its previous request, the Government has not provided a detailed report as requested by the Committee. The Committee wishes to emphasize that the indication that the new legislation is in the process of adoption does not free the Government from the obligation to ensure the application of the provisions of the Convention during the transition period and to provide such information in its report. The Committee requests the Government to supply detailed information on the application of the Convention, including new legislation, if adopted, and where it has not been adopted, the manner in which the Government ensures the application of the provisions of the Convention in practice. It also reiterates its request to the Government to respond in detail to its previous observation which reads as follows:

Repetition

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in its 1990 Recommendations, to which the Committee referred to in its 1992 general observation under the Convention, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. With reference to paragraphs 16–27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2011, published 101st ILC session (2012)

The Committee notes the information provided that the issues raised by the Committee would be addressed in a new National Occupational Safety and Health Act. This act was not, however, attached to the report and according to available information it has not yet been adopted. The Committee requests the Government to submit a copy of this new legislation as soon as it has been adopted. In the meantime, the Committee must repeat its previous observation which read as follows:

Repetition

Articles 3(1) and 6(2) of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken on the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in its 1990 Recommendations, to which the Committee referred to in its 1992 general observation under the Convention, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation due account will be taken of the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision within the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. With reference to paragraphs 16–27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the near future.

[The Government is asked to report in detail in 2013.]

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2009, published 99th ILC session (2010)

Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. Maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiation. With reference to its previous comments, the Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that, on 13 March 2009, the Labour Advisory Board was re-activated and that its main duty is the revision of national labour legislation. The Committee notes that the Ministry is currently in the process of identifying a consultant that will work with the Labour Advisory Board to conduct the revision of the legislation, and that comments made by the Committee will be submitted to the Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of national labour legislation due account will be taken to the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in its 1990 Recommendations, to which the Committee referred in its 1992 general observation under the Convention, in order to ensure the effective protection of workers exposed to ionizing radiation in the course of their work.

Article 14. Alternative employment or other measures offered for maintaining income where continued assignment to work involving exposure is medically inadvisable. The Committee notes the Government’s response indicating that there is no provision in the Labour Act for the transfer of pregnant women from work involving exposure to ionizing radiation to another job. The Committee notes, however, the Government’s statement that that the National Occupational Safety and Health Policy, adopted by the Cabinet on 9 November 2004, can provide a suitable framework for drafting legislation that could make provision for such transfer and that legislation is drafted in consultation with the Labour Advisory Board. The Committee hopes that in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, due account will be taken to the need to ensure that suitable alternative employment opportunities, not involving exposure to ionizing radiations, be provided for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise, as well as for pregnant women, who otherwise may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. The Committee notes that there is currently no provision in the Labour Act laying out the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government, in the course of the ongoing revision of the national labour legislation, to take due account of the need to determine circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, and to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2008, published 98th ILC session (2009)

The Committee notes with regret that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters previously raised in a direct request, which read as follows:

Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes the Government’s indication regarding the steps taken to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiations. The Committee observes that the measures mentioned by the Government mainly refer to personal protective equipment. With regard to the establishment of permissible maximum dose limits regarding the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the dose limits currently applied in the country are in conformity with the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) in its 1990 Recommendations. The Committee understands from the information provided by the Government that the dose limits applied in the country are not laid down in any statutory legal text. It accordingly invites the Government to consider the possibility to adopt regulations laying down the dose limits already applied in the country, in order to make them enforceable. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to this end.

Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been indeed no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. It requests the Government to inform the Office when the use of ionizing radiations in other sectors is notified.

Article 14. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that pregnant workers are assigned to other jobs without any loss of pay, seniority, or other rights or benefits. The Committee requests the Government to specify the legal basis providing for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiations to another job. It further requests the Government to confirm that the latter jobs do not involve any exposure to ionizing radiations. With reference to the indications provided in paragraphs 28 to 34 of the Committee’s 1992 general observation under the Convention, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or contemplated to provide suitable alternative employment opportunities not involving exposure to ionizing radiations for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise and who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

Occupational exposure during an emergency. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government to provide in its next report full information on the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, the measures taken or envisaged to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the very near future.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2007, published 97th ILC session (2008)

The Committee notes with regret that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes the Government’s indication regarding the steps taken to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiations. The Committee observes that the measures mentioned by the Government mainly refer to personal protective equipment. With regard to the establishment of permissible maximum dose limits regarding the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the dose limits currently applied in the country are in conformity with the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) in its 1990 Recommendations. The Committee understands from the information provided by the Government that the dose limits applied in the country are not laid down in any statutory legal text. It accordingly invites the Government to consider the possibility to adopt regulations laying down the dose limits already applied in the country, in order to make them enforceable. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to this end.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been indeed no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. It requests the Government to inform the Office when the use of ionizing radiations in other sectors is notified.

3. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that pregnant workers are assigned to other jobs without any loss of pay, seniority, or other rights or benefits. The Committee requests the Government to specify the legal basis providing for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiations to another job. It further requests the Government to confirm that the latter jobs do not involve any exposure to ionizing radiations. With reference to the indications provided in paragraphs 28 to 34 of the Committee’s 1992 general observation under the Convention, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or contemplated to provide suitable alternative employment opportunities not involving exposure to ionizing radiations for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise and who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

4. Occupational exposure during an emergency. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government to provide in its next report full information on the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, the measures taken or envisaged to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2006, published 96th ILC session (2007)

The Committee regrets that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be provided for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

The Committee notes the information contained in the Government’s report and draws the Government’s attention to the need to adopt measures on the following points.

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes the Government’s indication regarding the steps taken to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiations. The Committee observes that the measures mentioned by the Government mainly refer to personal protective equipment. With regard to the establishment of permissible maximum dose limits regarding the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the dose limits currently applied in the country are in conformity with the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) in its 1990 Recommendations. The Committee understands from the information provided by the Government that the dose limits applied in the country are not laid down in any statutory legal text. It accordingly invites the Government to consider the possibility to adopt regulations laying down the dose limits already applied in the country, in order to make them enforceable. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to this end.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been indeed no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. It requests the Government to inform the Office when the use of ionizing radiations in other sectors is notified.

3. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that pregnant workers are assigned to other jobs without any loss of pay, seniority, or other rights or benefits. The Committee requests the Government to specify the legal basis providing for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiations to another job. It further requests the Government to confirm that the latter jobs do not involve any exposure to ionizing radiations. With reference to the indications provided in paragraphs 28 to 34 of the Committee’s 1992 general observation under the Convention, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or contemplated to provide suitable alternative employment opportunities not involving exposure to ionizing radiations for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise and who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

4. Occupational exposure during an emergency. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government to provide in its next report full information on the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, the measures taken or envisaged to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2005, published 95th ILC session (2006)

1. The Committee notes that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in response to its previous comments. It draws the Government’s attention to the need to adopt measures on the following points.

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes the Government’s indication regarding the steps taken to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiations. The Committee observes that the measures mentioned by the Government mainly refer to personal protective equipment. With regard to the establishment of permissible maximum dose limits regarding the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the dose limits currently applied in the country are in conformity with the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) in its 1990 Recommendations. The Committee understands from the information provided by the Government that the dose limits applied in the country are not laid down in any statutory legal text. It accordingly invites the Government to consider the possibility to adopt regulations laying down the dose limits already applied in the country, in order to make them enforceable. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to this end.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been indeed no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. It requests the Government to inform the Office when the use of ionizing radiations in other sectors is notified.

3. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes the Government’s indication that pregnant workers are assigned to other jobs without any loss of pay, seniority, or other rights or benefits. The Committee requests the Government to specify the legal basis providing for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiations to another job. It further requests the Government to confirm that the latter jobs do not involve any exposure to ionizing radiations. With reference to the indications provided in paragraphs 28 to 34 of the Committee’s 1992 general observation under the Convention, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or contemplated to provide suitable alternative employment opportunities not involving exposure to ionizing radiations for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise and who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

4. Occupational exposure during an emergency. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government to provide in its next report full information on the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, the measures taken or envisaged to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2002, published 91st ILC session (2003)

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in response to its previous comments. It draws the Government’s attention to the need to adopt measures on the following points.

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. The Committee notes the Government’s indication regarding the steps taken to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiations. The Committee observes that the measures mentioned by the Government mainly refer to personal protective equipment. With regard to the establishment of permissible maximum dose limits regarding the exposure of workers to ionizing radiations, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the dose limits currently applied in the country are in conformity with the exposure limits adopted by the International Commission on Radiation Protection (ICRP) in its 1990 Recommendations. The Committee understands from the information provided by the Government that the dose limits applied in the country are not laid down in any statutory legal text. It accordingly invites the Government to consider the possibility to adopt regulations laying down the dose limits already applied in the country, in order to make them enforceable. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or envisaged to this end.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been indeed no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. It requests the Government to inform the Office when the use of ionizing radiations in other sectors is notified.

3. Provision of alternative employment. The Committee notes with interest the Government’s indication that pregnant workers are assigned to other jobs without any loss of pay, seniority, or other rights or benefits. The Committee requests the Government to specify the legal basis providing for the transfer of pregnant women from their work involving exposure to ionizing radiations to another job. It further requests the Government to confirm that the latter jobs do not involve any exposure to ionizing radiations. With reference to the indications provided in paragraphs 28 to 34 of the Committee’s 1992 general observation under the Convention, the Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or contemplated to provide suitable alternative employment opportunities not involving exposure to ionizing radiations for workers having accumulated an effective dose beyond which detriment to their health considered unacceptable is to arise and who may be faced with the dilemma that protecting their health means losing their employment.

4. Occupational exposure during an emergency. With reference to paragraphs 16 to 27 and 35(c) of its 1992 general observation under the Convention, and paragraphs V.27 and V.30 of the International Basic Safety Standards issued in 1994, the Committee requests the Government to provide in its next report full information on the circumstances in which exceptional exposure is authorized, the measures taken or envisaged to make protection as effective as possible against accidents and during emergency operations, in particular with regard to the design and protective features of the workplace and the equipment, and the development of emergency intervention techniques, the use of which in emergency situations would enable the exposure of individuals to ionizing radiations to be avoided.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2001, published 90th ILC session (2002)

The Committee notes with regret that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in its latest report.

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention .In its 1992 general observation and in its previous comments, the Committee drew attention to the revised exposure limits adopted on the basis of new physiological findings by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in its 1990 recommendations (ICRP publication No. 60), and noted that the dose limits of exposure to ionizing radiations set out in the United Kingdom Code of Practice for the Protection of Persons against Radiation arising from Medical and Dental Use, 1964, are no longer tolerable to the international community. The Committee notes from the report of the Government that no measures have been taken to review these dose limits. It requests the Government to indicate in its next report the steps taken or being considered to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiation and to review maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiations in the light of current knowledge as embodied in the 1990 ICRP recommendations and the 1994 International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. The Committee reiterates its request that the Government supply information on any other activities undertaken in the future which might involve occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and on any measures taken in conformity with Articles 2(1) and 3 of the Convention to regulate these activities.

3. Emergency exposure situations and provision of alternative employment. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the steps taken or being considered in relation to the matters raised in paragraphs 35(c) and (d) of the conclusions to its 1992 general observation.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 2000, published 89th ILC session (2001)

The Committee notes that the Government’s report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in its latest report.

1.  Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention.  In its 1992 general observation and in its previous comments, the Committee drew attention to the revised exposure limits adopted on the basis of new physiological findings by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in its 1990 recommendations (ICRP publication No. 60), and noted that the dose limits of exposure to ionizing radiations set out in the United Kingdom Code of Practice for the Protection of Persons against Radiation arising from Medical and Dental Use, 1964, are no longer tolerable to the international community. The Committee notes from the report of the Government that no measures have been taken to review these dose limits. It requests the Government to indicate in its next report the steps taken or being considered to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiation and to review maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiations in the light of current knowledge as embodied in the 1990 ICRP recommendations and the 1994 International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources.

2.  Article 10.  The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. The Committee reiterates its request that the Government supply information on any other activities undertaken in the future which might involve occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and on any measures taken in conformity with Articles 2(1) and 3 of the Convention to regulate these activities.

3.  Emergency exposure situations and provision of alternative employment.  The Committee requests the Government to indicate the steps taken or being considered in relation to the matters raised in paragraphs 35(c) and (d) of the conclusions to its 1992 general observation.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1995, published 83rd ILC session (1996)

The Committee notes the information supplied by the Government in its latest report.

1. Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention. In its 1992 general observation and in its previous comments, the Committee drew attention to the revised exposure limits adopted on the basis of new physiological findings by the International Commission on Radiation Protection in its 1990 recommendations (ICRP publication No. 60), and noted that the dose limits of exposure to ionizing radiations set out in the United Kingdom Code of Practice for the Protection of Persons against Radiation arising from Medical and Dental Use, 1964, are no longer tolerable to the international community. The Committee notes from the report of the Government that no measures have been taken to review these dose limits. It requests the Government to indicate in its next report the steps taken or being considered to ensure effective protection of workers against ionizing radiation and to review maximum permissible doses of ionizing radiations in the light of current knowledge as embodied in the 1990 ICRP recommendations and the 1994 International Basic Safety Standards for Protection against Ionizing Radiation and for the Safety of Radiation Sources.

2. Article 10. The Committee notes the information provided by the Government in its report that there have been no notifications of work involving exposure of workers to ionizing radiations other than of work involving such exposure for medical or dental purposes. The Committee reiterates its request that the Government supply information on any other activities undertaken in the future which might involve occupational exposure to ionizing radiation and on any measures taken in conformity with Articles 2(1) and 3 of the Convention to regulate these activities.

3. Emergency exposure situations and provision of alternative employment. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the steps taken or being considered in relation to the matters raised in paragraphs 35(c) and (d) of the conclusions to its 1992 general observation.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1992, published 79th ILC session (1992)

I. The Committee notes from the information provided in the Government's latest report that no recent notifications concerning operations involving the exposure of workers to ionising radiations have been made under section 93 of the Labour Ordinance of 1960, as amended in 1964. The Government has indicated in its previous reports that work which involves exposure to ionising radiations for medical or dental purposes is the only type of work in Belize which involves such exposure. The Government is requested to continue to supply information on any other activites undertaken in the future which might involve occupational exposure to ionising radiations and on any measures taken in conformity with Articles 2(1) and 3 of the Convention to regulate these activities.

II. The Committee would draw the Government's attention to its General Observation under this Convention which sets forth, inter alia, the revised dose limits established on the basis of new physiological findings by the International Commission on Radiological Protection in its 1990 recommendations (Publication No. 60). The Committee notes that the United Kingdom Code of Practice for the Protection of Persons against Radiation arising from Medical and Dental Use, 1964, sets forth dose limits of exposure to ionising radiations no longer considered tolerable by the international community. The Committee requests the Government to indicate the measures taken or regulations made pursuant to section 94 of the Labour Ordinance to bring the dose limits into line with current knowledge, as called for by Article 3, paragraph 1, and Article 6, paragraph 2, of the Convention, and to indicate also the steps taken or being considered in relation to the other matters raised in the conclusions to the General Observation.

Direct Request (CEACR) - adopted 1987, published 74th ILC session (1987)

The Committee takes note of the information contained in the Government's last report. It would be grateful if the Government would supply information in its future reports on any notification of operations involving the exposure of workers to ionising radiations which may be made under section 93 of the Labour Ordinance and on the measures taken in regard to these operations, pursuant to section 94 of the Labour Ordinance.