Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2020, published 109th ILC session (2021)

Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) - Saint Vincent and the Grenadines (Ratification: 2001)

Article 1(1)(a) of the Convention. Legislative protection against discrimination. The Committee recalls that article 13 of the Constitution Order of 1979 contains a general prohibition against discrimination on the grounds of sex, race, place of origin, political opinions, colour or creed. For a number of years, the Committee has been drawing the Government’s attention to the fact that article 13 of the Constitution: (1) does not refer to the grounds of national extraction and social origin listed in Article 1(1)(a) of the Convention; and (2) excludes non-citizens from its scope of application, while the Convention covers both nationals and non-nationals. The Committee has further highlighted the lack of any specific legislation prohibiting discrimination in employment and occupation and recalled that constitutional provisions, while important, have generally not proven to be sufficient to address specific cases of discrimination in employment and occupation, and a more detailed legislative framework is required (see General Survey of 2012 on the fundamental Conventions, paragraph 851). Referring to its previous comments where it noted the Government’s intention to adopt a law similar to the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) Model Law on Equal Opportunity and Treatment in Employment and Occupation, the Committee notes with regret the Government’s statement, in its report, that no further action has been taken in that regard. As regards section 27 of the Education Act (Cap 202) of 2006 which prohibits discrimination in admission to an educational institution or schools on a certain number of grounds, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that social status is similar to social origin, but that there has been no judicial decision with respect to the meaning of social status. The Government adds that draft amendments to the Protection of Employment Act of 2003 have been made to prohibit termination of employment on the grounds of race, colour, gender, marital status, social status, sexual orientation, pregnancy, religion, political opinion or affiliation, nationality, or social or indigenous origin of the employee. Noting that such amendments are awaiting the approval of the competent authority, the Committee wishes to recall that the principle of equality of opportunity and treatment should apply to all aspects of employment and occupation. Under Article 1(3) of the Convention “employment” and “occupation” include access to vocational training, access to employment and to particular occupations, and terms and conditions of employment (see General survey of 2012, paragraph 749). The Committee notes that, in their concluding observations, several United Nations treaty bodies recently expressed concerns about: (1) the fact that article 13 of the Constitution is not applicable to non-citizens; and (2) the lack of provisions specifically prohibiting discrimination in employment and occupation (CCPR/C/VCT/CO/2/Add.1, 9 May 2019, paragraph 8; and CMW/C/VCT/CO/1, 17 May 2018, paragraph 26). In light of the persistent lack of progress made in the making of legislation that fully reflects the provisions of the Convention, the Committee urges the Government to take the necessary steps without delay to ensure an effective legislative framework that explicitly prohibits direct and indirect discrimination based on at least all the grounds enumerated in Article 1(1)(a) of the Convention (race, colour, sex, religion, political opinion, national extraction and social origin), concerning all stages of the employment process and covering all workers, both nationals and non-nationals. It asks the Government to provide information on any progress made in this regard. The Committee recalls that the Government can avail itself of the technical assistance of the Office in this regard.

Articles 2 and 3(a). Lack of a national equality policy. Referring to its previous comments concerning the lack of a national policy promoting equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, the Committee notes the Government’s repeated statement that the competent authority has not developed a national equality policy yet. The Government however states that appropriate steps are being taken to formulate such a policy in a near future. In that regard, the Committee draws the Government’s attention to the fact that the primary obligation of ratifying States is to declare and pursue a national policy designed to promote equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, with a view to eliminating any discrimination in respect thereof (see General Survey of 2012, paragraph 841). In light of the absence of legislation that fully reflects the principles of the Convention, the Committee urges the Government to take the necessary measures to develop and implement a national policy promoting equality of opportunity and treatment in respect of employment and occupation, in order to effectively contribute to the elimination of direct and indirect discrimination and the promotion of equality of opportunity and treatment for all categories of workers. It asks the Government to provide information on any progress made in that regard.

The Committee is raising other matters in a request addressed directly to the Government.