Observation (CEACR) - adopted 2016, published 106th ILC session (2017)

Discrimination (Employment and Occupation) Convention, 1958 (No. 111) - Indonesia (Ratification: 1999)

Articles 2 and 3 of the Convention. Equality of opportunity between men and women. The Committee recalls its previous comments, in which it noted that women were under-represented in leadership and management positions and that informal employment was high in sectors where women were highly represented. The Committee notes that, according to the latest labour force survey data provided by the Government, as of February 2016, the labour force participation rate of women was 52.71 per cent while that of men was 83.46 per cent. Women continued to be mainly employed in the education services (61.21 per cent); health services and social activities (66.47 per cent); and accommodation, food and drink providing services (55.83 per cent). Further, the Committee notes from the ILO Database of Labour Statistics (ILOSTAT) that in 2015 the representation of women in senior and middle management remained low (20.8 per cent); that women were predominantly employed in domestic and other cleaning work (74 per cent) but remained under-represented in the electricity and gas sector (8.8 per cent); also more women than men were working as own-account and contributing family workers (54 per cent). Regarding employment in the public sector, the Committee notes from the data provided by the Government that, as of December 2014, women represented 48.63 per cent of public officials, and that among those employed women represented 37.24 per cent of regular staff (Fungsional Umum/Staff) and 59.92 per cent of government workers fulfilling specific functions (Fungsional Tertentu). In this regard, the Committee notes the Government’s indication that the National Task Force on Equal Employment Opportunities (EEO) has issued a National Strategic Action Plan for 2013–19, and that it has organized workshops and forums; produced materials for the media; revised the EEO Guidelines; conducted research and collected data; and established EEO pilot projects in several regions at the district level. The Committee requests the Government to continue to take specific measures, in cooperation with the social partners, to address the significant occupational segregation of men and women in the labour market, and provide information on the results achieved, including with respect to the implementation of the Strategic Action Plan for 2013–19 issued by the National Task Force on Equal Employment Opportunities. Recalling again the important role of the State in pursuing the national equality policy in the public sector, in accordance with Article 3(d) of the Convention, the Committee asks the Government to provide detailed information on measures taken to promote gender equality in the public sector, including measures to improve the representation of women among regular staff. The Committee requests the Government to continue to provide detailed statistical information on the distribution of men and women in various posts and occupations in the public service.

Article 3(e). Access to vocational training and guidance. In its previous comments, the Committee has noted that despite the progress made in education, with participation rates of men and women almost reaching parity, gender segregation in skills training appeared to persist. It notes from the statistics provided by the Government that gender segregation in vocational training courses continues, with more men than women participating in training for construction, electronics, and mechanics. The Committee notes, however, that generally more women than men have participated in training to increase productivity such as management and entrepreneurial skills. In this regard, the Government indicates that measures such as job fairs and training programmes have been taken to increase access of women to vocational training, and that an award for “Best Company in Employing Female Workers” has been given annually. The Committee asks the Government to take further measures to promote women’s access to a wider range of vocational training courses and occupations, including those in which men traditionally participate and those leading to opportunities for advancement, and provide information on the results achieved. The Committee further requests the Government to continue to provide detailed statistical information, disaggregated by sex, on the labour force participation rates in the various sectors and occupations in the formal and informal economy, and on the number of men and women participating in vocational training specifying the type of courses attended.

The Committee is raising other matters in a request addressed directly to the Government.