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Implementation of policies and programmes of vocational guidance and training. Cooperation with the social partners. In its previous comment, the Committee noted the activities of the National Institute for Cooperative Education (INCE), which offered continuous training through 21 regional civil associations. The Committee asked the Government to continue to provide information on the vocational guidance activities carried out by the INCE. In its report received in August 2008, the Government reports on the implementation of the Che Guevara Social Mission and the creation of centres of endogenous development which have put in practice a comprehensive plan for vocational training and labour market integration. Based on a new economic model, the aim is to train workers who are facing structural unemployment and young people so that they obtain a job and fully develop their abilities. The Government reports the adoption of the Decree with the rank, value and force of law, dated 15 July 2008, for the promotion and development of small and medium industry and units of social production. The Committee notes that the INCE has been converted into the National Institute for Socialist Cooperative Education (INCES) through the Decree with the rank, value and force of law, dated 14 May 2008. The Committee notes that in the observations received in September 2008 by the Venezuelan Federation of Chambers and Associations of Commerce and Production (FEDECAMARAS), it was indicated that there was no tripartite representation on the Executive Board of the INCES. Employers were obliged to pay a contribution equivalent to 2 per cent of the normal salary paid to the staff working for private individuals or enterprises not belonging to the State employing five or more workers. Workers contribute 0.5 per cent of their annual earnings (sections 14, 15 and 17 of the above Decree). The Committee expressed its conviction in its 2004 General Survey that broad social dialogue is the best guarantee of the effectiveness of employment policies and human resources development. Increased involvement of the representatives of employers’ and workers’ organizations is not only essential to ensure the successful implementation of the necessary measures, but can also contribute to improving the quality of social dialogue (see General Survey of 2004 on promoting employment, paragraphs 495 and 437). In accordance with Article 5 of Convention No. 142, policies and programmes of vocational guidance and training are to be formulated and implemented in cooperation with the social partners. The Committee requests the Government to report on the manner in which, in accordance with Article 5 of the Convention, it has ensured the cooperation of employers’ and workers’ organizations to extend the vocational guidance system and ensure effective coordination between initiatives to provide vocational guidance and training and employment policy objectives, taking into account the factors mentioned in Article 1, paragraphs 2 to 4, of the Convention. The Committee invites the Government to include reports, studies and surveys, statistical data, etc., on the policies and programmes designed to promote access to education, training and lifelong learning for people with special needs, such as youth, low-skilled people, people with disabilities, migrants, older workers, indigenous people, ethnic minority groups and the socially excluded; and for workers in small and medium-sized enterprises, in the informal economy, in the rural sector and in self-employment (Paragraph 5(h) of the Human Resources Development Recommendation, 2004 (No. 195)).
The Government is asked to reply in detail to the present comments in 2010.
1. With reference to its direct request of 1998, the Committee notes the information in the Government’s report received in October 2003. The Committee refers to the comments it made that year on the Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122), and the Paid Educational Leave Convention, 1974 (No. 140), the implementation of which is closely related to the measures to be adopted for the development of human resources.
2. The Government provides information on the adoption, within the framework of the Organic Act of December 2002 respecting the social security system, of a system of employment services, including mediation and advisory programmes and services, employment information and guidance and the facilitation of skills training for integration into the labour market. Furthermore, since 1999, the Directorate of Professional and Vocational Training has been responsible for determining the priorities and mechanisms to link vocational and business training and education with the demand and trends in the labour market, development plans and programmes and the most widely sought occupational/professional profiles. In addition, the National Institute for Cooperative Education (INCE) offers continuing training through 21 regional civil associations. The Committee would be grateful if the Government would continue to provide information in its next report on the manner in which policies and programmes of vocational guidance and training are linked with employment and with public employment services (Article 1 of the Convention). Please indicate in particular the number of persons who benefited from the vocational guidance services of the system of employment services and provide more detailed information on the activities of the INCE.
3. The Committee notes with interest the training activities envisaged under the Act (of March 2001) to create, encourage, promote and develop the system of micro-finance. The Government also indicates in its report that the INCE, with the support of the German technical cooperation agency (GTZ), is undertaking a programme for micro-entrepreneurs, the objective of which is to provide an overview of the enterprise and its environment and to develop the skills necessary to achieve competence in the management and/or creation of a micro-enterprise. The Committee hopes that the Government will continue to provide information on the measures adopted to recognize and promote the fundamental role of small and medium-sized enterprises in relation to the training and development of human resources (see also the Job Creation in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Recommendation, 1998 (No. 189)).
4. In general, the Committee would be grateful if the Government would include in its next report extracts of reports (for example, by the INCE), statistical data, etc., on the training policies and programmes for population groups requiring special attention in the field of vocational training and guidance, such as young persons seeking to enter the labour market, women heads of household, persons with disabilities and persons over 45 years of age.
The Committee notes the fact that the tripartite agreement reached in December 1997 will ensure that vocational training and guidance will become the principal means of promoting employment, improving the quality of employment and improving productivity. The Committee refers to its comments on the application of the Employment Service Convention, 1948 (No. 88) and the Employment Policy Convention, 1964 (No. 122), and requests the Government to provide in its next report on the application of Convention No. 142 information on the following points:
1. Please provide information on the application of the tripartite agreement of 1997 and on the activities of the INCE to ensure that vocational guidance and training are closely linked to employment, in particular through public employment services, in accordance with Article 1, paragraph 1, of the Convention.
2. Please indicate whether progress has been made in the application of the provisions of Article 3, paragraph 3, of the Convention.
3. Please provide information on the manner in which systems of vocational guidance (Article 3) are being gradually extended, including data on the application of the Convention to the population groups referred to in Part VI of the report form.
The Committee notes the Government's report and the information it contains in answer to its previous direct requests. It would be grateful if, in its next report, the Government would supply detailed information on the practical application of the Convention with particular reference to the following points.
1. In its report the Government mentions a coordinated programme of the INCE and the Ministry of Labour designed to ensure a closer link between education and training programmes and labour market integration structures. Please provide information on the implementation of this programme and on any new measures taken or envisaged to establish a close link between vocational guidance and vocational training and employment, in particular through public employment services, in accordance with Article 1, paragraph 1, of the Convention.
2. The Committee notes the conclusions of the study on the modernization of the INCE. Please continue to provide information on measures to modernize and decentralize the INCE taken as a result of the study. Please continue to provide statistical data and reports concerning the activities of the INCE.
3. The Committee notes the indications concerning the employment information activities of the National Employment Service. Please also provide information on school and vocational guidance activities for children and adolescents. Please indicate whether progress has been made in the application of the provisions of Article 3, paragraph 3, of the Convention.
The Committee notes with regret that the Government's report has not been received. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its previous direct request, which read as follows:
1. The Government indicates that coordination between the INCE and the various ministries concerned is conducted informally. Please indicate how vocational guidance and vocational training are "closely linked with employment, in particular through public employment services", as required by Article 1, paragraph 1, of the Convention. The Committee notes that a committee composed of representatives from the various ministries and from employers' and workers' organizations, has been asked to conduct a study on the modernization of the INCE. Please provide information on the work of the above committee, its conclusions and, if any, the action taken as a result.
2. The Committee notes the statistical data concerning the implementation of the INCE training programmes according to their type and level. Please continue to provide detailed information on the content of the programmes implemented, stating how they take account of the factors referred to in paragraphs 2-4 of Article 1 of the Convention.
3. The Committee notes that the Government's report does not contain the information requested on the effect given to the provisions of Article 3 of the Convention. With reference to its previous requests, it would be grateful if the Government would describe the measures to ensure that children, young persons and adults receive full information and the broadest possible guidance. Please describe the type of information available for this purpose and provide samples of available documentation. Please provide, in particular a copy of the vocational guidance handbook which, according to the 1987 Government's report, was in the process of being prepared.
The Committee takes note of the Government's report received in June 1990 which contains information in reply to its previous direct request. It notes however that the report due in 1991 has not been received and would be grateful if the Government would supply additional information on the following points:
1. The Government indicates that coordination between the INCE and the various ministries concerned is conducted informally. Please indicate how vocational guidance and vocational training are "closely linked with employment, in particular through public employment services", as required by Article 1, paragraph 1, of the Convention. The Committee notes that a committee composed of representatives from the various ministries and from employers' and workers' organisations, has been asked to conduct a study on the modernisation of the INCE. Please provide information on the work of the above committee, its conclusions and, if any, the action taken as a result.
The Committee notes that the Government's report, which was received in May 1988, contains no specific information on the application of the Convention. It hopes that a report will be supplied for examination by the Committee at its next session and that it will contain full information on the matters raised in its 1988 direct request, which read as follows:
The Committee notes the first report on the application of the Convention and would be grateful if the Government would supply in its next report detailed information on the following points:
1. In the Ministry of Education paper A Brief Description of the Venezuelan Education System, Caracas 1985, which was supplied by the Government with its report, it is stated that various programmes of training, further training and skills teaching have been implemented through direct action (Ministry of Education and INCE) and indirect action (INAGRO, INAPET, INCATUR, INCATEX, INPROSEG, INCAPEN and INSBANCA). The Committee would be grateful if the Government would describe the results achieved through the direct and indirect action referred to above, and the contents of the programmes that were implemented, and if it would indicate, for each programme, the way in which account was taken of the factors set out in Article 1, paragraphs 2 to 4, of the Convention.
2. The Committee would be grateful if the Government would indicate how effective co-ordination is secured between the Ministry of Education, the INCE and the Ministry of Labour. The Committee would also be grateful if the Government would supply, in particular, extracts from reports, studies and surveys, statistics, etc. on the programmes and activities of the INCE.
3. Article 2. The Committee takes note of the provisions of Decree No. 604, of 8 March 1980, under which studies that are successfully completed by students under the National Apprenticeship Programme of the INCE are accredited as being equivalent to those of primary and middle education (the basic and diversified cycles). Please indicate the number of young persons who have been able to enter the labour market as a result of these measures.
4. Article 3, paragraph 1. The Committee notes with interest the common strategy for disabled persons introduced by the Ministry of Labour. Please continue supplying information in this connection. Please also indicate the measures taken to ensure that comprehensive information and the broadest possible guidance are available to all children and young persons.
5. Article 3, paragraphs 2 and 3. The Government indicates in its report that it is preparing a vocational guide to occupations. The Committee trusts that the Government will take into account when preparing this guide the relevant provisions of the Convention and that it will supply copies of the guide in the near future.
6. Article 4. Please indicate the impact achieved by the national programme of grant-wages referred to by the Government in its report and the other measures that have been adopted or are contemplated in order to ensure that vocational training systems meet the needs of persons throughout their life, and the requirements of the economy and the various branches of economic activity.
The Committee hopes that the Government will make every effort to take the necessary action in the very near future.